High stakes: Associations between substance use and gambling behaviors by race in the United States.

Background And Aims: This study examined how substance use patterns influence gambling behaviors across racial/ethnic groups, amid expanding legalization of both substances and gambling in the US.

Methods: A nationally representative survey of 6543 US adults was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024. Participants reported on alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and stimulant use, along with gambling activities.

Tweeted, Trolled, Twisted: Battling for Narrative Control in E-Cigarette Use Prevention Campaigns (2014-2020).

This study identifies and analyzes X (formerly Twitter) posts related to 14 e-cigarette use prevention campaigns from 2014 to 2020, assessing message volume, content, sources, potential reach and engagement. Using supervised machine learning, we classified 618,965 tweets, finding 43% contained opposition messaging. Two regional campaigns received the highest levels of opposition, with over 99% of related tweets classified as opposition.

Mode of Delivery and Subsequent Motor Function in Children With Myelomeningocele Without In Utero Repair.

Objective: To assess the association between mode of delivery and 2-year motor function in children with prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele.

Methods: A multisite retrospective cohort study of children with myelomeningocele across 14 NAFTNet (North American Fetal Therapy Network) centers born between 2007 and 2020 who had a physical examination available at 2 years of life. Exclusion criteria were in utero myelomeningocele repair, postnatal myelomeningocele diagnosis, missing data on fetal presentation at delivery, and contraindications to labor.

A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Overactive Bladder in Women with Non-Urinary Tract Endometriosis and the Effect of Endometriosis Surgery on Symptoms of Overactive Bladder.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterised by urinary urgency, with or without incontinence, often accompanied by daytime frequency and nocturia, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other identifiable causes. Population studies estimate the prevalence of OAB at 12.8% (EPIC study), increasing with age, reaching up to 43% after age 40.