Population-Based Analysis of the Risk of Mycobacterial Infections Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

In this population-based study, we examined the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors among people with cancer. Using a nested case-control design, we identified 184 cases and 714 matched controls; there was no significant association on conditional logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio, 0.51 [95% confidence interval, .

Safety of Triple-Dose Rifampin in Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: There is growing interest in using high-dose rifampin for tuberculosis treatment. Recent studies suggest that triple-dose rifampin (TDR; ≥30 mg/kg/day) may be unsafe. We updated a systematic review to investigate the safety and efficacy of TDR.

The Canadian Bronchiectasis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Registry: a study protocol.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a complex, chronic disease with geographic and ethnic diversity. While the most substantial cohort studies have been conducted in Europe and the USA, Canada also faces considerable challenges. The comprehensive Canadian Bronchiectasis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) Registry aims to 1) outline the clinical characteristics and natural history of bronchiectasis in Canada, 2) identify risk factors contributing to disease progression within Canadians, 3) integrate comprehensive clinical information to better understand the phenotypes of bronchiectasis and 4) support the development of large-scale, randomised controlled trials in Canada.

Predicting risk of tuberculosis disease in people migrating to a low-TB incidence country: development and validation of a multivariable dynamic risk prediction model using health administrative data.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) incidence remains disproportionately high in people migrating to Canada and other low TB incidence countries, but systematic TB screening and prevention in migrants is often cost-prohibitive for TB programs. We aimed to develop and validate a TB risk prediction model to inform TB screening decisions in foreign-born permanent residents of Canada.

Methods: We developed and validated a proportional baselines landmark supermodel for TB risk prediction using health administrative data from British Columbia and Ontario, two distinct provincial healthcare systems in Canada.

Characteristics of and treatment outcomes in rifampicin-intolerant patients.

Background: Rifampicin (RIF) is considered the backbone of TB treatment, but adverse effects often limit its use.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined patients treated for TB disease at our institution, and compared those who received RIF to those who were intolerant to RIF.

Results: A total of 829 patients were included.