Direct silicone intubation using Nunchaku-style tube (NST-DSI) to treat lacrimal passage obstruction.

Purpose: To confirm the usefulness of direct silicone intubation using a Nunchaku-style tube (NST-DSI) for the treatment of lacrimal passage obstruction.

Methods: Included in this retrospective study were 54 cases (45 patients) of adult-onset lacrimal passage obstruction on which NST-DSI was performed. The cases were subdivided into two groups: 29 cases of common canalicular obstruction (the canalicular obstruction group) and 25 cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction (the duct obstruction group).

Comparison of preferential looking acuity and pattern reversal visual evoked response acuity in pediatric patients.

Background: We compared the visual acuities obtained with preferential looking (PL), the most widely used method of pediatric vision assessment, with those obtained with the spatial frequency sweep pattern-reversal visual evoked response (SPVER).

Methods: Eighty patients (ages 1.5 months to 12 years) with various ocular pathologies participated in this study.

Five years' experience with the Grating disc. A simplified method of evaluating vision in young children.

The Grating Disc (GD) is a simplified visual test designed for children 18 months to 4 approximately 5 years. Two hundred pediatric patients (103 males, 97 females; aged 5 months to > 6 years) participated in this study to determined how the GD visual acuity (VA) correlates with the Preferential Looking (PL) VA. Forty-six percent of the patients had varying degrees of retinopathy of prematurity.

Spatial frequency sweep pattern reversal VER acuity vs Snellen visual acuity: effect of optical defocus.

The effect of artificially induced image defocusing on visual acuities (VAs) measured by spatial frequency sweep pattern reversal visual evoked response (SPVER) and Snellen measurement was studied in six normal subjects. The steady-state SPVER was recorded using vertical gratings of 10 different spatial frequencies ranging from 0.52 to 30.

Correlating preferential looking visual acuity and visual behavior in severely visually handicapped children.

We developed a series of questions that reflects the functional abilities of severely visually handicapped children. The study population comprised 100 patients aged 30 to 60 months (mean 43.23), mostly afflicted with retinopathy of prematurity.