Additive inclusion in plastic life cycle assessments, part II: Review of additive inventory data trends and availability.

Plastic additives are as essential as polymers to the production and performance of plastic materials. Additive content can vary in composition and functionality depending on the product, producer, application, and production method. Such variation may be a barrier to achieving high-quality recycling and planning for plastic circular economy futures.

Five-Year Outcomes from a Prospective Study on Safety and Efficacy of Phasix ST Mesh Use at the Hiatus During Paraesophageal Hernia Repair.

Background: Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia (PEH) repair has a high hernia recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to assess the 5-year hernia recurrence rate after PEH repair using a combination of bioresorbable mesh and advanced surgical techniques to address tension as needed in a prospective group of patients.

Study Design: In 2016, a prospective database was established for 50 patients undergoing primary, elective PEH repair with a new bioresorbable mesh (Phasix ST).

Updated Markov Model to Determine Optimal Management Strategy for Patients with Paraesophageal Hernia and Symptoms, Cameron Ulcer, or Comorbid Conditions.

Background: The current paradigm of watchful waiting (WW) in people 65 years or older with an asymptomatic paraesophageal hernia (PEH) is based on a now 20-year-old Markov analysis. Recently, we have shown that elective laparoscopic hernia repair (ELHR) provides an increase in life-years (L-Ys) compared with WW in most healthy patients aged 40 to 90 years. However, elderly patients often have comorbid conditions and may have complications from their PEH such as Cameron lesions.

Missed Opportunities: the Timing and Frequency of Screening Colonoscopy in Patients That Develop Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Screening colonoscopy (SC) is widely accepted and has been shown to decrease the rate of colorectal cancer death. Guidelines and acceptance of screening for Barrett's esophagus (BE) are less established despite the fact that esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) remains the fastest increasing cancer in the USA. The aim of this study was to assess the timing and frequency of SC in patients ultimately found to have EA and to evaluate the presence of symptoms and risk factors that might have prompted an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and potentially earlier diagnosis of the EA.