Publications by authors named "S Darfeuil"
Although many studies have discussed the impact of Europe's air quality, very limited research focused on the detailed phenomenology of ambient trace elements (TEs) in PM in urban atmosphere. This study compiled long-term (2013-2022) measurements of speciation of ambient urban PM from 55 sites of 7 countries (Switzerland, Spain, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, UK), aiming to elucidate the phenomenology of 20 TEs in PM in urban Europe. The monitoring sites comprised urban background (UB, n = 26), traffic (TR, n = 10), industrial (IN, n = 5), suburban background (SUB, n = 7), and rural background (RB, n = 7) types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicity of particulate matter (PM) depends on its sources, size and composition. We identified PM sources and determined their contribution to oxidative potential (OP) as a health proxy for PM exposure in an Alpine valley influenced by cement industry. PM filter sample chemical analysis and equivalent black carbon (eBC) were measured at an urban background site from November 2020 to November 2021.
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- The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) significantly impacts health, yet the sources of PM-OP in India are not well understood.
- Research conducted at five sites in the Indo-Gangetic Plain identifies major PM sources and their geographical origins, revealing that high PM levels are widespread but driven by local emissions, particularly in Delhi.
- The study highlights that the main PM sources in Delhi are from traffic exhaust and residential heating, while outside Delhi, biomass burning plays a crucial role, suggesting that improving combustion processes can reduce health risks from PM exposure in northern India.
A comprehensive chemical characterization of fine particulate matter (PM) was conducted at an urban site in one of the most densely populated cities of Vietnam, Hanoi. Chemical analysis of a series of 57 daily PM samples obtained in 2019-2020 included the quantification of a detailed set of chemical tracers as well as the oxidative potential (OP), which estimates the ability of PM to catalyze reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo as an initial step of health effects due to oxidative stress. The PM concentrations ranged from 8.
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- The study discusses the challenges of selecting appropriate chemical components for Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) in aerosol source apportionment, highlighting that this choice greatly affects the identified sources and contribution estimates.
- It emphasizes that the absence of specific source tracers, like levoglucosan, can skew results and lead to uncertainties in identifying and quantifying sources of particulate matter (PM).
- The research includes sensitivity analyses across different urban conditions in Europe, revealing that while vehicle exhaust analysis may be less sensitive to component choices, neglecting certain inorganic elements can hinder the identification of non-exhaust sources.