Environmental factors play a crucial role in bacterial virulence. During transmission, in a non-host environment bacteria are exposed to various environmental stress which could alter bacterial physiology and virulence. N.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydroxyapatite (HA) is an important constituent of natural bone. The properties of HA can be enhanced with the help of various ionic substitutions in the crystal lattice of HA. Iron (Fe) is a vital element present in bones and teeth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCSF rhinorrhea secondary to anterior skull base defect may be spontaneous or traumatic (accidental or iatrogenic), spontaneous being common in middle aged, obese females. Nowadays endoscopic technique is gold standard for anterior skull base defect repair. The graft materials available may be autologous (fat, temporalis fascia, fascia lata, septal mucosa, cartilage, middle turbinate), homologous e.
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