Whole body vibrations and lower back pain: a systematic review of the current literature.

Introduction: Whole body vibration (WBV) is thought to be associated with low back pain (LBP). To mitigate against this the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) have created the ISO 2631 standard, recommending safe dose limits. The aim of this research is to conduct a systematic review of available literature addressing the question, is WBV associated with LBP?

Methods: A literature search was performed from January 1970 until April 2022, including studies focusing on LBP and sciatica in association with WBV, looking specifically for ones reporting on military populations.

Bone remodeling simulation using spatial influence function in macroscopic cube case.

Bone has the capability to adapt its density in response to mechanical stimuli through a process known as bone remodeling, which has been simulated using various algorithms in several studies, with Strain Energy Density (SED) being a commonly used driving parameter. A spatial influence function has been introduced in addition to the remodeling algorithm, which accounts for the influence of neighboring regions on local mechanical stimuli, thereby reducing artificial mesh dependency and mimicking cellular communication in bone. However, no study has implemented the SED-driven algorithm with spatial influence function on a macroscopic 3D bone structure, and there is no physiological explanation on the value used in remodeling parameter.

A novel strain-based bone-fracture healing algorithm is able to predict a range of healing outcomes.

Fracture healing is a complex process which sometimes results in non-unions, leading to prolonged disability and high morbidity. Traditional methods of optimising fracture treatments, such as benchtop testing and randomised controlled trials, face limitations, particularly in evaluating the entire healing process. This study introduces a novel, strain-based fracture-healing algorithm designed to predict a wide range of healing outcomes, including both successful unions and non-unions.

Exploring the effects of lateral pressure to the soft tissue of the buttocks during seating to preserve tissue perfusion.

Aim: Pressure-ulcer occurrence in the seated patient is understudied. Preventative devices have been developed and are prescribed commonly, but there is little quantitative evidence of their effectiveness. This study explores the concept of a lateral pressure device, a prevention device that applies pressure to the sides of the seated buttocks, to reduce the amount of tissue distortion and blood-vessel occlusion.