Diet specialization mediates drivers of herbivory in a semi-arid agroecosystem.

Herbivory is a major fitness pressure for plants and a key driver of crop losses in agroecosystems. Dense monocultures are expected to favor specialist herbivorous insects, particularly those who primarily consume crop species; yet, levels and types of herbivory are not uniform within regional cropping systems. It is essential to determine which local and regional ecological factors drive variation in herbivory in order to support functional agroecosystems that rely less on chemical inputs.

Leaf structural traits mediating pre-existing physical innate resistance to sorghum aphid in sorghum under uninfested conditions.

We found four indicative traits of innate immunity. Sorghum-resistant varieties had a greater trichome, stomatal and chloroplast density, and smaller mesophyll intercellular width than susceptible varieties. The sorghum aphid (SA), Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald), can severely reduce sorghum yield.

Nectar Source and Pollinator Cross Contamination and Persistence of Pyriproxyfen Associated with the Use of Autodissemination Techniques for Mosquito Control.

Controlling container inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus is often difficult because of the requirement to treat small and inaccessible cryptic sources of water where larvae are located. Autodissemination approaches based on the dissemination of insect growth regulators (IGRs) have been demonstrated as an effective means to treat these cryptic larval habitats and provide population control.

Indirect transfer of pyriproxyfen to European honeybees via an autodissemination approach.

The frequency of arboviral disease epidemics is increasing and vector control remains the primary mechanism to limit arboviral transmission. Container inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are the primary vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Current vector control methods for these species are often ineffective, suggesting the need for novel control approaches.

Bee and Flowering Plant Communities in a Riparian Corridor of the Lower Rio Grande River (Texas, USA).

The Rio Grande in Texas is the geopolitical boundary between the United States and Mexico. Considered one of the world's most at-risk rivers, it has been impacted by intensified management by both countries sharing its watershed. Invasion by Arundo donax (Linnaeus) (Poales: Poaceae), giant reed, has been extensive in the riparian corridor, with potential impacts on native wildlife.