A novel intervention for acute stress reaction: exploring the feasibility of ReSTART among Norwegian soldiers.

Soldiers in combat may experience acute stress reactions (ASRs) in response to trauma. This can disrupt function, increasing both immediate physical danger and the risk for post-trauma mental health sequelae. There are few reported strategies for managing ASRs; however, recent studies suggest a novel peer-based intervention as a promising approach.

Pre-Pandemic and Recent Oral and Medical Health Care Utilization among Young American Indian Children and Their Caregivers.

Children from diverse ethnic groups are at significantly increased risk for dental caries. In particular, American Indian (AI) children have the highest incidence of detal caries of any ethnic group. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted health care access, including preventive oral health care.

Partitioning the Composition of Adverse Childhood Experiences From Accumulated Adversity: Cross-Sectional Evidence From 2 U.S. Samples.

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences are linked to adult morbidity and mortality. However, it is unknown whether the patterning of adverse childhood experiences, individually and in combination, confer health risk distinct from that of a cumulative adversity score. This study evaluates whether individual and comorbid adverse childhood experience exposures within a cumulative risk score are equally associated with current smoking and lifetime history of depression.

Rescue of ApoE4-related lysosomal autophagic failure in Alzheimer's disease by targeted small molecules.

Homozygosity for the ε4 allele of APOE increases the odds of developing Alzheimer's by 12 to 15 times relative to the most common ε3;ε3 genotype, and its association with higher plaque loads comports with evidence that APOEε4 compromises autophagy. The ApoE4 protein specifically binds a cis element ("CLEAR") in the promoters of several autophagy genes to block their transcription. We used a multifaceted approach to identify a druggable site in ApoE4, and virtual screening of lead-like compounds identified small molecules that specifically bind to this site to impede ApoE4::DNA binding.

Design, synthesis, and characterization of novel system x transport inhibitors: inhibition of microglial glutamate release and neurotoxicity.

Neuroinflammation appears to involve some degree of excitotoxicity promulgated by microglia, which release glutamate via the system x (Sx) cystine-glutamate antiporter. With the aim of mitigating this source of neuronal stress and toxicity, we have developed a panel of inhibitors of the Sx antiporter. The compounds were based on L-tyrosine, as elements of its structure align with those of glutamate, a primary physiological substrate of the Sx antiporter.