Publications by authors named "S Cleaveland"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated risk factors for spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania, focusing on febrile patients from local hospitals between 2012 and 2014.
- Of 1,190 participants, 54.6% had SFGR exposure, with 9.2% displaying acute SFGR; factors such as age, rural living, and temperature were significant in determining risk.
- The findings highlight that children under 2 years, rural residents, and those in cooler areas may be at higher risk for SFGR, suggesting a need for targeted prevention strategies and additional research on tick exposure.
Lack of data on the aetiology of livestock diseases constrains effective interventions to improve livelihoods, food security and public health. Livestock abortion is an important disease syndrome affecting productivity and public health. Several pathogens are associated with livestock abortions but across Africa surveillance data rarely include information from abortions, little is known about aetiology and impacts, and data are not available to inform interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalignant catarrhal fever (MCF), caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AIHV-1) transmitted from wildebeest, is a lethal cattle disease with significant impacts on East African pastoralists. Development of a live attenuated MCF vaccine has prompted research into its use in communities at risk. This study reports results from the first utilisation of the MCF vaccine in locally-owned cattle under field conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- About 60,000 people die from rabies caused by dogs annually, highlighting the need for effective vaccination campaigns, which have been limited by low coverage levels.
- A study in Tanzania compared team-based vaccination (annual clinics) to community-based vaccination (ongoing local management) and found the latter significantly improved vaccination coverage.
- Community-based strategies consistently achieved higher coverage rates (49-62%) compared to team-based methods (22-46%), indicating that decentralized vaccination efforts are more effective for controlling rabies.
Background: A peri-urban outbreak of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) among dairy cattle from May through August 2018 in northern Tanzania was detected through testing samples from prospective livestock abortion surveillance. We sought to identify concurrent human infections, their phylogeny, and epidemiologic characteristics in a cohort of febrile patients enrolled from 2016-2019 at hospitals serving the epizootic area.
Methods: From September 2016 through May 2019, we conducted a prospective cohort study that enrolled febrile patients hospitalized at two hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania.