PVTAD: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE DIAGNOSIS USING PYRAMID VISION TRANSFORMER APPLIED TO WHITE MATTER OF T1-WEIGHTED STRUCTURAL MRI DATA.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and timely diagnosis is crucial for early interventions. AD is known to have disruptive local and global brain neural connections that may be instrumental in understanding and extracting specific biomarkers. Existing machine-learning approaches are mostly based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and standard vision transformer (ViT) models, which may not sufficiently capture the multidimensional local and global patterns indicative of AD.

Addressing global microneurosurgery education and laboratory training during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: from challenges to innovations.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant global challenges, particularly in its disruption of surgical education, training, and research. The University of Wisconsin (UW)-Madison Microneurosurgery Laboratory, an internationally recognized training center, had to rapidly adapt to continue its mission amid pandemic restrictions. In this study the authors evaluated their laboratory's response during and after the pandemic, focusing on the challenges encountered, innovative strategies used, and their impact on ongoing operations and global neurosurgery outreach.

Top-DTI: Integrating Topological Deep Learning and Large Language Models for Drug Target Interaction Prediction.

Motivation: The accurate prediction of drug-target interactions (DTI) is a crucial step in drug discovery, providing a foundation for identifying novel therapeutics. Traditional drug development is both costly and time-consuming, often spanning over a decade. Computational approaches help narrow the pool of compound candidates, offering significant starting points for experimental validation.

Early changes in microRNA expression in Arabidopsis plants infected with the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum.

Plants respond to biotic stressors by modulating various processes in an attempt to limit the attack by a pathogen or herbivore. Triggering these different defense processes requires orchestration of a network of proteins and RNA molecules that includes microRNAs (miRNAs). These short RNA molecules (20-22 nucleotides) have been shown to be important players in the early responses of plants to stresses because they can rapidly regulate the expression levels of a network of downstream genes.