Molecular typing and pathogenicity assessment of fowl adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis in chicken from India.

Recently, inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) outbreaks have been increasingly reported in different regions of India, particularly in broiler flocks. The present study was undertaken to characterize fowl adenovirus associated with IBH in chicken and assessment of its pathogenicity. Liver samples were collected from fowl adenovirus (FAdV) suspected 100 commercial broiler and six broiler breeder flocks from eleven different States of India from 2016 to 2019.

Development of recombinant vaccine candidate molecule against Shigella infection.

Shigellosis is an acute bacillary diarrheal disease caused by the gram negative bacillus Shigella. The existence of multiple Shigella serotypes and their growing resistance to antibiotics stress the urgent need for the development of vaccine that is protective across all serotypes. Shigella's IpaB antigen is involved in translocon pore formation, promotes bacterial invasion and induces apoptosis in macrophages.

Co-administration of rIpaB domain of Shigella with rGroEL of S. Typhi enhances the immune responses and protective efficacy against Shigella infection.

Shigella species cause severe bacillary dysentery in humans and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Invasion plasmid antigen (IpaB) protein, which is conserved across all Shigella spp., induces macrophage cell death and is required to invade host cells.

Recombinant heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60/GroEL) of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi elicits cross-protection against multiple bacterial pathogens in mice.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) or stress proteins are recognized as protective antigens against a wide range of bacterial diseases. Conservation of HSPs across different life forms also appears to contribute to the antigenicity of these proteins. Due to their high sequence homology, there exists an immunological cross-recognition between different bacterial species.