Ossification of the Yellow Ligament Combined with Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament at the Cervicothoracic Junction.

Background: Both ossification of the yellow ligament (OYL) and the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament are relatively rare clinical entities. We report a extremely rare case of the spinal canal stenosis because of OYL, OPLL and listhesis at the cervicothoracic junction.

Case Description: A 69-year-old man had progressive pain over his bilateral axillar portion and right lower extremity for 1 year.

Utility of High-b-Value Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating Reversible Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus Syndrome Caused by Acute Brainstem Ischemia.

Background: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) syndrome refers to a gaze disorder characterized by impaired adduction on the ipsilateral side to the injured MLF, with dissociated nystagmus of the contralateral abducting eye. The most common cause of the MLF syndrome is ischemic stroke. However, acute ischemic change in the MLF may be undetectable even on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) partly because of its small size and specific brainstem location.

Improved brain MRI indices in the acute brain stem infarct sites treated with hydroxyl radical scavengers, Edaravone and hydrogen, as compared to Edaravone alone. A non-controlled study.

Background: In acute stage of cerebral infarction, MRI indices (rDWI & rADC) deteriorate during the first 3-7 days after the ictus and then gradually normalize in approximately 10 days (pseudonormalization time), although the tissue is already infarcted. Since effective treatments improve these indices significantly and in less than the natural pseudonormalization time, a combined analysis of these changes provides an opportunity for objective evaluation on the effectiveness of various treatments for cerebral infarction. Hydroxyl radicals are highly destructive to the tissue and aggravate cerebral infarction.

Dystonic posturing associated with putaminal hyperperfusion depicted on subtraction SPECT.

Purpose: Dystonic posturing (DP) is one of the most reliable lateralizing indicators for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We evaluated the ictal hyperperfusional areas in patients with DP by using ictal-interictal subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Methods: Ninety-seven patients were treated surgically for intractable TLE, and 39 patients underwent ictal and interictal SPECT studies with the same isotope.

Multiple subpial transections in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy.

Object: The technique involved in multiple subpial transections (MSTs) allows the surgeon treating patients with epilepsy the capability to make disconnective lesions in epileptogenic regions of eloquent cortex. Although there have been increasing numbers of reports in adults of the efficacy and relative safety of this technique, there are relatively few such reports in children. The authors present their experience in 30 children who underwent MSTs during the surgical management of the seizure disorder.