Radiosurgery for classical trigeminal neuralgia: impact of the shot size on clinical outcome.

Background: This study compares the outcome of patients suffering from medically refractory classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) after treatment with radiosurgery using two different shot sizes (5- and 6-mm).

Methods: All patients included in this open, prospective, non-controlled study were treated in a single institution for TN (95 cases in 93 patients) with LINear ACcelerators (LINAC) single-dose radiosurgery using a 5-mm shot (43 cases) or 6-mm shot (52 cases). The target was positioned on the intracisternal part of the trigeminal nerve.

Identifying subcortical connectivity during brain tumor surgery: a multimodal study.

Bipolar direct electrical stimulation (DES) of an awake patient is the reference technique for identifying brain structures to achieve maximal safe tumor resection. Unfortunately, DES cannot be performed in all cases. Alternative surgical tools are, therefore, needed to aid identification of subcortical connectivity during brain tumor removal.

Towards linking diffusion MRI based macro- and microstructure measures with cortico-cortical transmission in brain tumor patients.

We aimed to link macro- and microstructure measures of brain white matter obtained from diffusion MRI with effective connectivity measures based on a propagation of cortico-cortical evoked potentials induced with intrasurgical direct electrical stimulation. For this, we compared streamline lengths and log-transformed ratios of streamlines computed from presurgical diffusion-weighted images, and the delays and amplitudes of N1 peaks recorded intrasurgically with electrocorticography electrodes in a pilot study of 9 brain tumor patients. Our results showed positive correlation between these two modalities in the vicinity of the stimulation sites (Pearson coefficient 0.

Erratum to 'HMGB1/anti-HMGB1 antibodies define a molecular signature of early stages of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND)'.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

HMGB1/anti-HMGB1 antibodies define a molecular signature of early stages of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Isorders (HAND).

Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist in the post-HAART era, characterized by asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and mild neurocognitive disorders (MND). High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone chromosomal protein widely expressed in the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells, including brain cells, which acts as a potent proinflammatory cytokine when actively secreted from immune cells. Recent reports suggested that HMGB1 acts on microglial cells to promote neuroinflammation.