[Biobanking in clinical trials involving multiple sclerosis patients].

Investigation of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis requires sophisticated analytical tools of precision medicine, such as omics research, which include genomics, microbiomics and metabolomics (proteomics, lipidomics and glycomics). Such sensitive methods are based on careful preanalytical work with biomaterials to maintain quality and obtain objective results. Implementation of biobanking as a universal method for working with biomaterials will help to standardize the stages of research, compare different scientific team's results.

[Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Therapy of Cardiogenic Shock Due to Fulminant Myocarditis].

This article presents a clinical case of a 40-year-old woman with fulminant myocarditis which progressed rapidly to the development of cardiogenic shock resistant to standard intensive care, but with a positive response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Free radical lipid peroxidation inhibits enzymatic conversion of beta-carotene into vitamin A.

Free radical oxidation of arachidonic acid with soybean lipoxygenase was accompanied by inhibition of retinal synthesis from beta-carotene catalyzed by enzyme preparation from rabbit intestinal mucosa. Lipoxygenase inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid and antioxidants suppressing free radical reactions (ethyl gallate, alpha-tocopherol, astaxanthine, and quercetin) promoted conversion of beta-carotene into retinal catalyzed by beta-carotene-15,15'-dioxygenase. These results indicate that lipoperoxides and/or products of their homolysis attenuate enzymatic conversion of beta-carotene and confirm the important role of natural antioxidants in the maintenance of stable vitamin A content in mammals.

[Conversion of beta-carotene and some beta-apocarotinoids under the effect of substances from the intestinal mucosa].

Products of cleavage of beta-carotene and certain apocarotenoids (beta-apo-4', 8', 10', and 12'-carotenols and citranaxanthol) were studied, and the dynamics of their generation in the presence of an enzyme preparation isolated from rabbit intestinal mucosa was determined. The data suggest that metabolism of beta-apocarotenols involves the production of retinal and beta-apo-14'-carotenal mediated by enzymes different from beta-carotene-15,15'-dioxygenase, which converts beta-carotene to retinal. A scheme of metabolic conversion of beta-carotene is discussed.