Performance of endoscopic repair with endonasal flaps for congenital choanal atresia. A systematic review.

Endoscopic repair of congenital choanal atresia is the gold standard surgical treatment today. Though several controversies on treatment have been reported, surgical techniques for better outcomes are still in discussion. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of endoscopic choanal atresia repair with endonasal flaps and no stents.

Transcanal endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty in children: Cartilage butterfly and fascia temporalis graft.

Introduction: Endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty is every day gaining numerous adepts for tympanic membrane repair. Due to the value of reducing postauricular approaches, decreasing postoperative morbidity and hospitalization time. The objective of this study is to present surgical results of endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty in the pediatric population using fascia temporalis or cartilage butterfly graft.

Lack of long-term add-on effect by montelukast in postoperative chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps.

Objectives/hypothesis: Eosinophils and mast cells are among the key cells in inflammatory diseases like chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma. Leukotriene antagonists have proven to be effective in the treatment of asthma, but data about their efficacy in CRS are scarce, whereas data on montelukast as an add-on treatment to intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) in a postoperative setting are completely lacking.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, open-label trial.

[Bacterial etiology of acute otitis media in Spain in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era].

Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is common in children aged <3 years. A pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) (PCV7; Prevenar, Pfizer/Wyeth, USA) has been available in Spain since 2001, which has a coverage rate of 50-60% in children aged <5 years.

Materials And Methods: Children aged ≥3 to 36 months with AOM confirmed by an ear-nose-throat specialist were enrolled at seven centers in Spain (February 2009-May 2012) (GSK study identifier: 111425).

Oral plus nasal corticosteroids improve smell, nasal congestion, and inflammation in sino-nasal polyposis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To assess the effect of oral plus intranasal corticosteroids on subjective outcomes (smell and nasal congestion) and objective outcomes (tissue eosinophilia and nitric oxide) in severe nasal polyposis (NP).

Study Design: After a 4-week steroid washout period (w0), severe NP were randomized into a treatment group (n = 67) that receive oral prednisone for 2 weeks (w2) plus intranasal budesonide for 12 weeks (w12), and a control group (n = 22) that received no steroid treatment.

Methods: Barcelona Smell Test 24 (BAST-24), nasal congestion, tissue eosinophilia, and nasal nitric oxide (nNO) were assessed.