Effects of different types of leisure activities on working memory across the adult lifespan.

The aim of the present study was to contrast the potential influence of five independent types of leisure activities (physical, mental, social, cultural, and passive) on working memory in a lifespan sample and in specific stages of adulthood (young, middle-aged, and older adults). A sample of 1652 healthy adults between 21 and 80 years of age participated in the study. Leisure activities were assessed through a lifestyle questionnaire created for the study.

Neurophysiological responses during the binding process in working memory.

Working memory is a limited-capacity system responsible for handling and temporarily maintaining information. The multicomponent model of working memory includes the episodic buffer, which encodes, retains, and integrates multimodal information from the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop. Although the model is highly accepted, little research has been conducted to examine the binding process in working memory.

Polysomnographic parameters associated with cognitive function in patients with major depression and insomnia.

Objective: To examine whether objective sleep parameters are associated with cognitive function (CF) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with chronic insomnia (CI) and whether the severity of these disorders is related to CF.

Method: Thirty patients with MDD with CI attending a tertiary care institution underwent two consecutive nights of polysomnographic (PSG) recording and a battery of neuropsychological tests, which included episodic memory, sustained attention, working memory, and executive function. The severity of MDD and CI was assessed by clinical scales.

Brain representations of space and time in episodic memory: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

All experiences preserved within episodic memory contain information on the space and time of events. The hippocampus is the main brain region involved in processing spatial and temporal information for incorporation within episodic memory representations. However, the other brain regions involved in the encoding and retrieval of spatial and temporal information within episodic memory are unclear, because a systematic review of related studies is lacking and the findings are scattered.

Metamemory Mediates the Effects of Age on Episodic and Working Memory across the Adult Lifespan.

Background: Previous studies have examined the direct relationship between metamemory and memory performance in young and older adults, but the results of these studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we examined whether metamemory mediates the effects of age on memory performance.

Methods: We examined episodic memory and working memory through computerized tasks performed by a lifespan sample of 1554 healthy adults.