Workforce Attrition Among Emergency Medicine Non-Physician Practitioners.

Study Objective: Non-physician practitioners, including nurse practitioners and physician assistants, increasingly practice in emergency departments, especially in rural areas, where they help mitigate physician shortages. However, little is known about non-physician practitioner durability and demographic trends in emergency departments. Our objective was to examine attrition rates and ages among non-physician practitioners in emergency medicine.

Exploring Photoreceptor Gene Expression and Seasonal Physiology in Mediterranean Swordfish ().

Mature and immature female swordfish show different gonadal expression patterns of melatonin synthesis-related and opsin genes, indicating that seasonality affects gonadal circadian genes, especially through opsin modulation. The high energy demands of reproduction may cause mature female swordfish to become more susceptible to environmental stressors/changes, potentially affecting their health post-reproduction. The modulation of melatonin and opsin expression may also influence swordfish biology, impacting basal metabolism and stress responses.

Full mission evaluation of EnMAP water leaving reflectance products using three atmospheric correction processors.

This study presents what we believe is the first extensive assessment of the water reflectance products from the German hyperspectral Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP). We evaluate EnMAP's standard normalized water leaving reflectance [ρ] over 17 water sites in the first two years of the mission. The EnMAP [ρ] standard product is generated by a dedicated water atmospheric correction (AC) called the Modular Inversion Program (MIP).