Inferior venacavography for the staging of lymphomas.

Inferior venacavography was used for revealing enlarged retro- or paracaval lymph nodes, some of which are not visualized by lymphography as they lay above L 2. As criteria for involvement of lymph nodes the dislocation or narrowing of the vena cava and the reflux of contrast medium in the lumbar veins were studied. Venacavography was carried out in 48 consecutive patients with lymphomas: 23 Hodgkin's disease and 25 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

[Surgery in the prevention and treatment of intestinal occlusion caused by adhesions. Reymond's method of enteropexy. (Experience with 69 cases)].

The state of the art with regard to surgical management in the prevention and treatment of intestinal occlusion caused by adhesions is described and the various operations proposed are examined. Noble's operation (folding and overcast suture of the intestinal loops)-the first to be proposed requires too much time for its execution. In addition, it restricts loop mobility and thus predisposes to recurrences and complications.

[Complication of spontaneous internal biliary fistulae (experiences in 46 cases)].

Spontaneous internal biliary fistulas are complications of biliary disease and may themselves be the source of further complications. Instances of the latter observed in a series of 28 bilio-digestive and 18 bilio-biliary forms are described: angiocolitis, biliary peritonitis, cholangitic cirrhosis, diarrhoea and malabsorption syndrome, haemorrhage, biliary ileus and Bouveret syndrome. Stress is laid on the need for early diagnosis and early surgery.

[Spontaneous bilio-biliary fistulae. Experience in 18 cases].

Six cholecyst-hepatic, nine cholecyst-hepatic-choledochic, and three cholecyst-choledochic spontaneous fistulae were observed in subjects (89% females) aged 28-76 (average 52) yr, forming 0.9% of a series of bile duct operands. Lithiasis is seen as the origin of these forms.

[Spontaneous bilio-digestive fistulas. Experience with 27 cases].

A series of 27 cases of biliary-digestive fistulae is presented. 26 were due to calculi and 1 to ulcer and calculi. 20 led to the duodenum, 6 to the colon, and 1 to the stomach from the gallbladder.