Phenotypic Variation in Phytochemical Defense of Trembling Aspen in Western North America: Genetics, Development, and Geography.

Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) is arguably the most important deciduous tree species in the Intermountain West of North America. There, as elsewhere in its range, aspen exhibits remarkable genetic variation in observable traits such as morphology and phenology. In contrast to Great Lakes populations, however, relatively little is known about phytochemical variation in western aspen.

Local adaptation and rapid evolution of aphids in response to genetic interactions with their cottonwood hosts.

Several studies have demonstrated the ecological consequences of genetic variation within a single plant species. For example, these studies show that individual plant genotypes support unique composition of the plants' associated arthropod community. By contrast, fewer studies have explored how plant genetic variation may influence evolutionary dynamics in the plant's associated species.

The Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: More Than Just Another Reform of Psychiatry.

The social model of disability-which is grounded in the lived realities of disabled people, as well as their activism, research, and theoretical work-has enabled a historic turn in the understanding of disability. This model also facilitates the transition to the rights-based approach that is at the core of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). However, the social model of disability does not straightforwardly translate to the lives of people who end up being detained and forcibly treated in psychiatric facilities.

How service users and carers understand, perceive, rephrase, and communicate about "depressive episode" and "schizophrenia" diagnoses: an international participatory research.

Background: For ICD-11, the WHO emphasized the clinical utility of communication and the need to involve service users and carers in the revision process.

Aims: The objective was to assess whether medical vocabulary was accessible, which kinds of feelings it activated, whether and how users and carers would like to rephrase terms, and whether they used diagnosis to talk about mental health experiences.

Method: An innovative protocol focused on two diagnoses (depressive episode and schizophrenia) was implemented in 15 different countries.