Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease levels during remission induction of childhood ALL.

We evaluated the prognostic and therapeutic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) during remission induction in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, 7640 patients were categorized into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups based on clinical and genetic features. Final risk classification was determined by MRD assessed via flow cytometry on Days 19 and 46 of remission induction, with additional intensified chemotherapy for Day 19 MRD ≥1%.

Intrinsic Anti-Freezing, Tough, and Transparent Hydrogels for Smart Optical and Multi-Modal Sensing Applications.

Hydrogels have received great attention due to their molecular designability and wide application range. However, they are prone to freeze at low temperatures due to the existence of mass water molecules, which can damage their flexibility and transparency, greatly limiting their use in cold environments. Although adding cryoprotectants can reduce the freezing point of hydrogels, it may also deteriorate the mechanical properties and face the risk of cryoprotectant leakage.

Chronic viral mimicry induction following p53 loss promotes immune evasion.

Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.

Vitamin A and its influence on tumour extracellular matrix.

Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient renowned for its role in visual health and cellular regulation. Its derivatives influence cell differentiation, proliferation, and tissue homeostasis, making them significant in cancer research due to their effects on both normal and tumour cells. This review explores the intricate relationship between vitamin A metabolism and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cancer.