Evaluation of the glymphatic system in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis by measuring the diffusion along the perivascular space.

Background: In the inflammatory process of multiple sclerosis (MS) several toxic waste products are generated. The clearance of these products might depend on the glymphatic system; however, it's preserved function in MS is uncertain. Recently, it was suggested that this 'waste clearance' system can be examined by measuring the diffusion along the perivascular space (ALPS) index.

Efficient Genome Editing with Chimeric Oligonucleotide-Directed Editing.

Prime editing has emerged as a precise and powerful genome editing tool, offering a favorable gene editing profile compared to other Cas9-based approaches. Here we report new nCas9-DNA polymerase fusion proteins to create chimeric oligonucleotide-directed editing (CODE) systems for search-and-replace genome editing. Through successive rounds of engineering, we developed CODEMax and CODEMax(exo+) editors that achieve efficient genome modifications in human cells with low unintended edits.

Imbalanced temporal states of cortical blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal variability during rest in episodic migraine.

Background: Migraine has been associated with functional brain changes including altered connectivity and activity both during and between headache attacks. Recent studies established that the variability of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal is an important attribute of brain activity, which has so far been understudied in migraine. In this study, we investigate how time-varying measures of BOLD variability change interictally in episodic migraine patients.

Examining the Prevalence of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in a Cohort of Acute Stroke Patients with an Extended Computed Tomography Angiographic Protocol.

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for routine screening of cardiac emboli; however, the visualization of the left atrial appendage (LAA) where the thrombi are commonly found is poor. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) would provide better detectability of LAA thrombus, but it is a time-consuming and semi-invasive method. Extending non-gated carotid computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination to the LAA could reliably detect thrombi and could also aid treatment and secondary prevention of stroke.