Cervical Cancer and HPV vaccination: Insights into knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Albanian women.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a widespread skin-to-skin transmitted infection that poses a global health concern. Although Albania faced prior challenges, it has recently introduced a quadrivalent recombinant HPV vaccine, a critical step in preventing cervical cancer among young women. This study aims to identify potential gaps in knowledge and attitudes among Albanian women regarding cervical cancer and HPV infection, as well as provide insights into the effectiveness of the national primary prevention program.

The influence of SARS-COV-2 pandemic in the pharmaceutical service in ALBANIA.

Objective: In the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of the pharmacists was confirmed as central at the territorial level. The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pharmacists in Albania, critical changes in the Albanian pharmaceutical market during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate factors influencing the quality of the pharmaceutical service.

Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted, using an online questionnaire targeting Albanian pharmacists during 2021.

Computer analysis of video and ultrasonographic images for evaluation of bull testes.

The objectives of this study were to determine relationships between scrotal size (SC; estimated from a video image) and testicular size, and between ultrasonographic echotexture of the testis and seminiferous tubule area in bulls. Video images of the scrotum of 49 Holstein-Friesian (H-F) bulls were recorded and digitized. Scrotal width and length were measured with custom software.

Endocrine and thermal responses to GnRH treatment and prediction of sperm output and viability in holstein-Friesian breeding bulls.

A study was conducted to determine changes in serum LH and testosterone concentrations and in scrotal surface temperature (SST; measured with infrared thermography) following GnRH treatment and to predict the number of spermatozoa collected and the proportion that were viable. Holstein-Friesian breeding bulls (n = 22, average age, 24.3 m.

Morphologic, endocrine and thermographic measurements of testicles in comparison with semen characteristics in mature Holstein-Friesian breeding bulls.

Twenty Holstein-Friesian breeding bulls (62-79 months of age) were examined 3 times, at 30-day intervals. Scrotal thermograms for assessment of scrotal surface temperature (SST) and blood samples for plasma testosterone concentrations were taken just before and then 45 and 90 min, respectively, after treatment with GnRH (50 micrograms, Gonavet, i.m.