Double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter phase II trial to evaluate D-methionine in preventing/reducing oral mucositis induced by radiation and chemotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to test if oral D-methionine (D-met) reduced mucositis during chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: We conducted a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized phase II trial of D-met (100 mg/kg p.o.

Increased rates of lipolysis among human immunodeficiency virus-infected men receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lipodystrophy is associated with fat redistribution, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance; however, the mechanism of insulin resistance remains unknown. We hypothesized that HIV-infected subjects with fat redistribution have increased rates of lipolysis and increased circulating free fatty acid (FFA) levels that contribute to insulin resistance. Anthrompometric and body composition data were obtained and a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on day 1 of the study.

Lysine requirements of healthy adult Indian subjects receiving long-term feeding, measured with a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique.

Background: The mean lysine requirement of healthy Indian subjects was estimated from short-term experimental diet periods to be 29 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), which is higher than the 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU upper requirement of 12 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1).

Objective: Our objective was to confirm our proposed requirement of 29 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) by extending the diet period to 21 d and by using 4 test lysine intakes (12, 20, 28, and 36 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance approach.

Design: During two 21-d diet periods, 18 healthy Indian men were randomly assigned to receive 12 and 28 or 20 and 36 mg lysine x kg(-1) x d(-1) as part of an L-amino acid diet.

Threonine requirement of healthy adults, derived with a 24-h indicator amino acid balance technique.

Background: Because we question the validity of the 1985 FAO/ WHO/UNU upper requirement for threonine of 7 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), we proposed a tentative mean requirement of 15 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1).

Objective: Our goal was to assess threonine adequacy at 3 test intakes and the consequences of a 6-d compared with a 13-d dietary adaptation phase.

Design: We used a 24-h indicator amino acid balance technique ([1-(13)C]leucine as indicator) to assess the threonine requirement.

Daily requirement for and splanchnic uptake of leucine in healthy adult Indians.

Background: The 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU requirement for leucine is too low according to tracer-derived estimates of leucine oxidation and balance in adults from developed regions.

Objective: The leucine requirement in populations in developing countries was assessed with use of the 24-h tracer balance method and on the basis of nitrogen balances.

Design: Twenty healthy Indian men were studied during their consumption for 6 d of 2 L-amino acid diets that supplied either 14 and 30 (n = 10) or 22 and 40 (n = 10) mg leucine x kg(-1) x d(-1) in random order.