Regulation of division of labor in insects: a colony-level perspective.

Studies of division of labor have focused mainly on individual workers performing tasks. Here I propose a shift in perspective: colonies perform tasks, and task performance should be evaluated at the colony level. I then review studies from the recent literature from this perspective, on topics including evaluating task performance; specialization and efficiency; flexibility and task performance; response threshold models; and variation in behavior arising from diverse sensory experiences and learning.

Characterization of inpatient rehabilitation outcomes among HIV/AIDS patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Survival time in HIV/AIDS patients has increased as a result of improved treatments, but many acquire functional impairments that may necessitate multidisciplinary medical rehabilitation. In the United States, inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) provide this care, but outcomes are not well described in this population. We used the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSMR) database to describe 11,051 HIV/AIDS IRF patients; HIV/AIDS patients were grouped according to the following admission criteria: (1) HIV/AIDS as primary reason for admission ( = 225); (2) HIV/AIDS symptomatic comorbidity ( = 6569); and (3) HIV/AIDS asymptomatic comorbidity ( = 4257).

Changes in Rape Myth Acceptance Among Undergraduates: 2010 to 2017.

The objective of this study is to characterize changes in rape myth acceptance (RMA) among college students from 2010 to 2017. Two samples of undergraduates in a northeastern university in the United States participated in the study, consisting of 464 students in the fall semester of 2010 and 534 students in the spring semester of 2017. Participants took an anonymous web-based survey to measure levels of RMA.

Sex differences among college students in awareness of the human papillomavirus vaccine and vaccine options.

Objectives: To explore awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and use of HPV vaccines (Gardasil and Cervarix) by college students.

Participants: The sample was composed of 817 undergraduates at 2 northeastern US universities; they participated between February and May 2010.

Methods: Students were provided with a link to an anonymous, self-administered, Web-based survey comprised of 76 questions.

Priority rules govern the organization of traffic on foraging trails under crowding conditions in the leaf-cutting ant Atta colombica.

Foraging in leaf-cutting ants is generally organized along well-defined recruitment trails supporting a bi-directional flow of outbound and nestbound individuals. This study attempts to reveal the priority rules governing the organization of traffic on these trails. Ants were forced to move on a narrow trail, allowing the passage of only two individuals at a time.