Orthologous marker groups reveal broad cell identity conservation across plant single-cell transcriptomes.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is widely used in plant biology and is a powerful tool for studying cell identity and differentiation. However, the scarcity of known cell-type marker genes and the divergence of marker expression patterns limit the accuracy of cell-type identification and our capacity to investigate cell-type conservation in many species. To tackle this challenge, we devise a novel computational strategy called Orthologous Marker Gene Groups (OMGs), which can identify cell types in both model and non-model plant species and allows for rapid comparison of cell types across many published single-cell maps.

Non-recurrent laryngeal nerve with a coexisting contralateral nerve demonstrating extralaryngeal branching.

Non-recurrence and extralaryngeal branching are 2 of the more frequently encountered anomalies of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. If not anticipated intraoperatively, these abnormalities can put the nerve at risk, with subsequent vocal cord palsy. It is therefore important to report on and understand these abnormalities.

Laryngeal schwannoma: a systematic review.

A large proportion of schwannomas are found in the head and neck region. Schwannoma located within the larynx however is uncommon. The characteristic features, clinical presentations, treatment and the outcomes of patients with laryngeal schwannoma are therefore not clearly understood.

Duplication of the right internal jugular vein: A case report.

We present a case of duplication of the right internal jugular vein (IJV) in a patient who underwent neck dissection as part of the management of carcinoma of the larynx. The patient was a 63-year-old man who presented to the otolaryngology department with a 7-month history of hoarseness and a 3-week history of noisy breathing. Flexible endoscopy detected a transglottic tumor that had extended beyond the vocal folds.