Persistence of immunity to poliomyelitis among a southern population that received four doses of OPV 5 to over 15 years before.

The immune status against polioviruses was investigated in a population of 545 students aged 11-20 years residing in the Neapolitan area, who had completed the vaccination cycle with four doses of OPV 5 to over 15 years before. Assuming as unprotected those individuals without detectable neutralizing antibodies at the dilution 1:2, nobody resulted without protection against all types of poliovirus; 0.7% lacked antibodies only against type 1, 0.

Coming out, being out, and acts of virtue.

We examine three philosophical models for (gay) self-identity: utilitarianism (exemplified by Eichberg), deontologism (Mohr), and individualism (Spinoza). The first two, we argue, overlook the personal and multi-faceted nature of social relations. We argue that the framework of methodological individualism is better suited to deal with the issues of self-identity as they affect questions of whether, when, and how to come out, and being out.