Protective effects of topical antimicrobials against neonatal tetanus.

Background: Case-control studies previously conducted in Pakistan suggested that topical antimicrobials might provide protection against neonatal tetanus (NNT) when applied to the umbilical cord wound during the first several days of life. The present case-control study, the largest such study yet reported, was undertaken in Punjab Province, Pakistan and afforded further opportunities to evaluate such effects.

Methods: A population-based, matched, case-control study was undertaken to assess topical antimicrobials and other factors related to NNT risk in rural parts of Punjab Province.