Structural inequality linked to brain volume and network dynamics in aging and dementia across the Americas.

Structural inequality, the uneven distribution of resources and opportunities, influences health outcomes. However, the biological embedding of structural inequality in aging and dementia, especially among underrepresented populations, is unclear. We examined the association between structural inequality (country-level and state-level Gini indices) and brain volume and connectivity in 2,135 healthy controls, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobe degeneration from Latin America and the United States.

Pain Self-efficacy Is Associated With Patient-Reported Function in Individuals With Chronic Hip Pain.

Objective: To evaluate the associations between psychological factors (pain self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, and pain catastrophizing), physical activity, and patient-reported hip function in patients presenting to physical therapy with chronic (>3 months) hip pain.

Design: Observational, cross-sectional.

Methods: Participants completed a survey including age, sex, height/weight, symptom duration, 11-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), and 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12).

Resilience and Well-Being Over the Course of an National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Gymnastics Season.

Context: Awareness regarding the importance of mental health in athletes has been increasing in recent years. Mental health has been investigated in relation to injury recovery and performance; however, less evidence has examined changes in mental health throughout a competitive season.

Objectives: This study aimed to: (1) evaluate the psychological factors of resilience and well-being over a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I gymnastics season and examine changes over 4 time points: preseason, start of the competitive season, midseason, and postseason and (2) examine the relationships between these psychological measures at these 4 time points.

Examining efficacy and potential mechanisms of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for anxiety and stress reduction among college students in a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

The pervasiveness of anxiety and stress among college students necessitates the investigation of potential alternative and accessible interventions which can be implemented into existing curricular and student-support programming to improve students' mental health. Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) smartphone applications have shown promising outcomes in alleviating anxiety and stress. However, it is essential to gain insight into the feasibility and efficacy of such an interventional approach in a collegiate population, as well as explore potential underlying mechanisms, which could be better targeted to enhance the efficacy of future interventions for promoting mental health and well-being.

Patient Perceptions of Psychological and Rehabilitation Experiences After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Qualitative Study.

Context: Over 80% of patients anticipate fully returning to sport (RTS) within 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), but only one quarter of patients succeed. Although several factors influence the RTS process, this study focused on how psychological responses to injury, such as injury-related fear and self-determined motivation, help to explain variation in rehabilitation experiences. There is limited information about how these meaningful psychological responses to injury are connected to responses such as athlete burnout or how patient perceptions of these responses relate to rehabilitation.