Predictive model of neurodevelopmental outcome in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Objectives: To build an early, prognostic model for adverse outcome in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH) based on brain magnetic resonance images (MRI), electrophysiological tests and clinical assessments were performed during the first 5 days of life.

Methods: Retrospective study of 182 neonates with HIE and managed with TH. The predominant pattern of HIE brain injury on MRI performed following cooling was scored by neuroradiologists.

Building materials could store more than 16 billion tonnes of CO annually.

Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions likely entails not only lowering emissions but also deploying carbon dioxide (CO) removal technologies. We explored the annual potential to store CO in building materials. We found that fully replacing conventional building materials with CO-storing alternatives in new infrastructure could store as much as 16.

Endophenotype presentation of athletes with concussion contingent on sex and time since injury.

Introduction: Athletes with concussions experience heterogeneous symptoms and clinical trajectories. Subclassification provides diagnostic clarity that may improve prognostication and individualized treatments.

Methods: We hypothesized that endophenotypes of adolescent athletes with concussions differ based on sex and time since injury.

Evaluation of Theta EEG Neurofeedback Procedure for Cognitive Training Using Simultaneous fMRI in Counterbalanced Active-Sham Study Design.

Evaluation of mechanisms of action of EEG neurofeedback (EEG-nf) using simultaneous fMRI is highly desirable to ensure its effective application for clinical rehabilitation and therapy. Counterbalancing training runs with active neurofeedback and sham (neuro)feedback for each participant is a promising approach to demonstrate specificity of training effects to the active neurofeedback. We report the first study in which EEG-nf procedure is both evaluated using simultaneous fMRI and controlled via the counterbalanced active-sham study design.

Fetal growth restriction adversely impacts trajectory of hippocampal neurodevelopment and function.

The last pregnancy trimester is critical for fetal brain development but is a vulnerable period if the pregnancy is compromised by fetal growth restriction (FGR). The impact of FGR on the maturational development of neuronal morphology is not known, however, studies in fetal sheep allow longitudinal analysis in a long gestation species. Here we compared hippocampal neuron dendritogenesis in FGR and control fetal sheep at three timepoints equivalent to the third trimester of pregnancy, complemented by magnetic resonance image for brain volume, and electrophysiology for synaptic function.