Protective effect of exogenous 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine on Drosophila melanogaster larval stages under heat shock.

The influence of exogenous 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine on the development of Drosophila melanogaster under normal conditions, and under the influence of short-term heat shock was studied. It was shown that 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine was not toxic at concentrations of up to 1 μM. A tendency to accelerate larval development and fly emergence was observed under the influence of this compound in our experiments.

Yeasts affect tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster to food substrate with high NaCl concentration.

The ability of model animal species, such as Drosophila melanogaster, to adapt quickly to various adverse conditions has been shown in many experimental evolution studies. It is usually assumed by default that such adaptation is due to changes in the gene pool of the studied population of macroorganisms. At the same time, it is known that microbiome can influence biological processes in macroorganisms.

[Adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to stressful nutritional conditions leads to the expansion of the trophic niche].

Adaptation to stress factors is often accompanied by negative side effects that are manifested in lower fitness in the absence of the stress factor. This can lead to ecological specialization of the populations adapted to stressful environment and, ultimately, to ecological speciation. However, the existence of eurytopic species with a wide spectrum of ecological tolerance implies that adaptation to marginal conditions apparently can proceed without negative side effects or even involve positive effects, leading to niche expansion.

[Maternal effect obscures adaptation to adverse environments and hinders divergence in Drosophila melanogaster].

Adaptation to contrasting environments can facilitate ecological divergence and sympatric speciation. Factors that influence the probability and tempo of these processes are poorly known. We performed an evolutionary experiment on Drosophila melanogaster in order to attain better understanding of adaptation dynamics and to model the initial steps of sympatric speciation.