Inference of process variations in silicon photonics from characterization measurements.

Understanding process variations and their impact in silicon photonics remains challenging. To achieve high-yield manufacturing, a key step is to extract the magnitude and spatial distribution of process variations in the actual fabrication, which is usually based on measurements of replicated test structures. In this paper, we develop a Bayesian-based method to infer the distribution of systematic geometric variations in silicon photonics, without requiring replication of identical test structures.

Statistical enhancement of lipase extracellular production by Bacillus stratosphericus PSP8 in a batch submerged fermentation process.

Aim: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify lipolytic bacteria. Perform a statistical stepwise physicochemical optimization for maximum production of extracellular lipase and its validation in a bioreactor.

Methods And Results: Several lipolytic bacteria were isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted soil.

Illumination of dense urban areas by light redirecting panels.

With the high population growth rate, especially in developing countries, and the scarcity of land resources, buildings are becoming so close to each other, depriving the lower floors and the alleys from sunlight and consequently causing health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for cost-effective efficient light redirecting panels that guide sun rays into those dim places. In this paper, we address this problem.