Publications by authors named "S Avlund"
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined factors that contribute to delays in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnoses by comparing children's diagnostic timelines among those with early, delayed, or no ASD diagnosis among 893 assessed before age 8.
- - Of the children studied, 39% initially showed no ASD, but 21% were later diagnosed, with factors like autism symptoms, prior diagnoses, cognitive ability, and socioeconomic status influencing delays.
- - Key differences noted include ADOS scores, which for delayed ASD were between those with early and no ASD, and distinctions based on the presence of other developmental disorders and low parental education levels.
Article Synopsis
- * Notably, there was a rise in referrals for children with language abilities and a decrease in overall Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule scores, indicating a shift in the type of cases being assessed.
- * The findings suggest that more children with milder autism symptoms were diagnosed, and restricted/repetitive behaviors played a crucial role in differentiating between those with ASD and those without it.
Anti-tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is used for treatment of severe cases of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, one-third of the patients do not respond to the treatment. A recent study indicated that genetically determined high activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), are associated with non-response to anti-TNF therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), result from the combined effects of susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Previous studies have shown that polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor (TLR), the apoptosis, the IL-23/IL-17 and the interferon gamma (IFNG) pathways are associated with risk of both CD and UC.
Methods: Using a candidate gene approach, 21 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 15 genes were assessed in a clinical homogeneous group of severely diseased ethnic Danish patients consisting of 624 patients with CD, 411 patients with UC and 795 controls.
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of anti-tumour necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF) treatment in a large cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical practice and to establish a cohort for future studies of genetic markers associated with treatment response.
Methods: A national, clinically based cohort of previously naïve anti-TNF treated patients from 18 medical departments was established. The patients were screened for tuberculosis prior to treatment initiation.