A quantitative systems pharmacology workflow toward optimal design and biomarker stratification of atopic dermatitis clinical trials.

Background: The development of atopic dermatitis (AD) drugs is challenged by many disease phenotypes and trial design options, which are hard to explore experimentally.

Objective: We aimed to optimize AD trial design using simulations.

Methods: We constructed a quantitative systems pharmacology model of AD and standard of care (SoC) treatments and generated a phenotypically diverse virtual population whose parameter distribution was derived from known relationships between AD biomarkers and disease severity and calibrated using disease severity evolution under SoC regimens.

Postoperative outcomes for unilateral congenital trochlear nerve palsy: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Congenital trochlear nerve palsy is the most common cause of vertical strabismus. The goal of this study was to investigate surgical outcomes after superior oblique tendon plication with or without inferior oblique recession in children and adults with unilateral congenital trochlear nerve palsy.

Methods: Data and outcomes were collected in patients with a diagnosis of unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy during a retrospective single-center study conducted at the University Hospital of Tours.

In Silico Clinical Trials: Is It Possible?

Modeling and simulation (M&S), including in silico (clinical) trials, helps accelerate drug research and development and reduce costs and have coined the term "model-informed drug development (MIDD)." Data-driven, inferential approaches are now becoming increasingly complemented by emerging complex physiologically and knowledge-based disease (and drug) models, but differ in setup, bottlenecks, data requirements, and applications (also reminiscent of the different scientific communities they arose from). At the same time, and within the MIDD landscape, regulators and drug developers start to embrace in silico trials as a potential tool to refine, reduce, and ultimately replace clinical trials.

Long-term ophthalmological outcomes in patients with anterior plagiocephaly managed with a fronto-orbital advancement procedure.

Background: Anterior plagiocephaly results from early fusion of a unilateral coronal cranial suture, which affects 1/10,000 infants at birth and can be associated with ophthalmological complications. The study aimed to evaluate the frequency of oculomotor disorders and refractive errors in children with non-syndromic anterior plagiocephaly.

Methods: Patients with anterior plagiocephaly undergoing surgery using a fronto-orbital advancement technique were included in this retrospective study between 2011 and 2017.