A systematic review and meta-analysis of preoperative carbohydrate drink loading prior to elective hip and knee arthroplasty.

Background: The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program has significantly reduced complication rates and hospital length of stay (LOS) for various surgical procedures. A key aspect is the reduction of pre-operative fasting through carbohydrate-loading protocols. There is limited research on the effects of pre-operative carbohydrate loading in elective lower limb arthroplasty.

Red teaming ChatGPT in medicine to yield real-world insights on model behavior.

Red teaming, the practice of adversarially exposing unexpected or undesired model behaviors, is critical towards improving equity and accuracy of large language models, but non-model creator-affiliated red teaming is scant in healthcare. We convened teams of clinicians, medical and engineering students, and technical professionals (80 participants total) to stress-test models with real-world clinical cases and categorize inappropriate responses along axes of safety, privacy, hallucinations/accuracy, and bias. Six medically-trained reviewers re-analyzed prompt-response pairs and added qualitative annotations.