Stay connected: The myoendothelial junction proteins in vascular function and dysfunction.

The appropriate regulation of peripheral vascular tone is crucial for maintaining tissue perfusion. Myoendothelial junctions (MEJs), specialized connections between endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, are primarily located in peripheral resistance vessels. Therefore, these junctions, with their key membrane proteins, play a pivotal role in the physiological control of relaxation-contraction coupling in resistance arterioles, mainly mediated through endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH).

Small gold nanoparticles for tandem cyclization/reduction and cyclization/hydroalkoxylation reactions.

With peculiar structural features at the surface of small metal nanoparticles, some discrete sites can display catalytic behaviour similar to what could be observed with mononuclear metal catalysts in solution. We have studied the transfer of two catalytic tandem reactions from homogeneous to heterogeneous conditions. Tandem cyclisation/reduction of ortho-alkynyl benzaldehyde derivatives was successfully achieved with Au nanoparticles over TiO (Au NPs/TiO) in the presence of Hantzsch ester with 45-98% yields for 15 examples (average yield: 70.

Insulin-Activated Signaling Pathway and GLUT4 Membrane Translocation in hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) are a cell model now widely used to investigate pathophysiological features of cardiac tissue. Given the invaluable contribution hiPSC-CM could make for studies on cardio-metabolic disorders by defining a postnatal metabolic phenotype, our work herein focused on monitoring the insulin response in CM derived from the hiPSC line UKBi015-B. Western blot analysis on total cell lysates obtained from hiPSC-CM showed increased phosphorylation of both AKT and AS160 following insulin treatment, but failed to highlight any changes in the expression dynamics of the glucose transporter GLUT4.

Indole-3-Propionic Acid, a Gut Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolite, Promotes Endothelial Dysfunction Impairing Purinergic-Induced Nitric Oxide Release in Endothelial Cells.

Different gut microbiota-derived metabolites influence cardiovascular function, and, among all, the role of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), from tryptophan metabolism, shows controversial effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate its role in endothelial dysfunction. IPA effects were studied on bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAE-1).