Structural diversity and function of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in medaka fish.

Diversity in the granulocyte repertoire, including neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils, has been reported in vertebrate species. Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) have only neutrophils; however, the storage pool of granulopoiesis tissues and the molecular mechanism of granulopoiesis in medaka fish have not been explored. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine responsible for neutrophil differentiation, survival, and proliferation.

Evolution of Size-Fecundity Relationship in Medaka Fish From Different Latitudes.

In most fishes, the number of offspring increases with maternal body size. Although this size-fecundity relationship often varies among species as a result of the coevolution of life-history traits, the genetic basis of such size-fecundity relationships remains unclear. We explored the genetic basis underlying this size-fecundity relationship in two small medaka species, Oryzias latipes and O.

Reevaluating hybrid neurofibroma/schwannoma: Predominance of schwannoma features despite CD34 positivity and initial neurofibroma diagnosis.

Schwannomas consist of both high-cellularity regions (Antoni A area) and hypocellular regions (Antoni B area) in histopathological findings. Neurofibromas characteristically consist of CD34 positive spindle cells with thin, wavy, nuclei and wavy collagen bands. Previous reports have described segments of schwannomas with neurofibroma features as hybrid tumors, although hybrid tumors were diagnosed based on partial CD34 positivity in many previous reports.

Anterior-posterior constraint on Hedgehog signaling by hhip in teleost fin elaboration.

Pectoral fins, the anterior paired fins in fish, have enhanced maneuvering abilities due to morphological changes. Teleosts have fewer radial bones in their pectoral fins than basal species, resulting in more-elaborate fins. The mechanism behind this radial constraint change in teleosts is unclear.