Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) & Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy-Hippocampal Sclerosis (MTLE-HS) are two common pathologies of drug-resistant focal epilepsy (DRE). Inappropriate localization of the epileptogenic zones (EZs) in FCD is a significant contributing factor to the unsatisfactory surgical results observed in FCD cases. Currently, no molecular or cellular indicators are available which can aid in identifying the epileptogenic zones (EZs) in FCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMn-rich disordered rocksalt materials with Li-excess (DRX) materials have emerged as a promising class of earth-abundant and energy-dense next-generation cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Recently, an electrochemical transformation to a spinel-like "δ" phase has been reported in Mn-rich DRX materials, with improved capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability compared with previous DRX compositions. However, this transformation unfolds slowly over the course of cycling, complicating the development and understanding of these materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRandomly moving active particles can be herded into directed motion by asymmetric geometric structures. Although such a rectification process has been extensively studied due to its fundamental, biological, and technological relevance, a comprehensive understanding of active matter rectification based on single particle dynamics remains elusive. Here, by combining experiments, simulations, and theory, we study the directed transport and energetics of swimming bacteria navigating through funnel-shaped obstacles-a paradigmatic model of rectification of living active matter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArousal states are thought to influence many aspects of cognition and behavior by broadly modulating neural activity. Many studies have observed arousal-related modulations of alpha (~8 to 15 Hz) and gamma (~30 to 50 Hz) power and coherence in local field potentials across relatively small groups of brain regions. However, the global pattern of arousal-related oscillatory modulation in local field potentials is yet to be fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite the potential to increase the energy limit of Li-rich cathodes by using oxygen redox, its practicality has been limited by the accompanying structural changes and voltage hysteresis. While voltage hysteresis is commonly associated with transition metal (TM) migration and oxygen dimerization, the specific contribution of each is unclear. We provide a mechanistic insight into how each of these changes induces hysteresis in a representative Li-rich disordered rocksalt cathode, LiMnTiO.
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