Viral infections in celiac disease: what should be considered for better management.

Following a gluten-free diet (GFD) is known as the main effective therapy available for celiac disease (CD) patients, which in some cases is not enough to heal all patients presentations completely. Accordingly, emerging researchers have focused on finding novel therapeutic/preventive strategies for this disorder. Moreover, previous studies have shown that celiac patients, especially untreated subjects, are at increased risk of developing viral and bacterial infections, which can become a challenge for the clinician.

Fair charging management of PHEVs in radial distribution networks with DG resources-a case study.

Considering the widespread use of PHEVs in advanced societies and the issues ahead, researchers' thinking has focused more on this issue. The important issue is that the use of EVs is increasing due to the advantages, but the necessary infrastructure for their charging stations in the distribution networks does not exist. The high penetration level of EVs can create a potential risk for the existing distribution network; the fair charging of EVs has a special value.

Antimicrobial peptide LL37 is potent against non-growing cells despite a slower action rate.

Unlabelled: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been considered as potential agents against non-growing, dormant cells due to their membrane-targeted action, which is largely independent of the cell's growth state. However, the relationship between the action of AMPs and the physiological state of their target cells has been unclear, with recent reports offering conflicting views on the efficacy of AMPs against bacteria in a stationary phase. In this study, we employ single-cell approaches combined with population-level experiments to examine the action of human LL37 peptides against cells in different growth phases.