Pentoxifylline adjunct to risperidone for negative symptoms of stable schizophrenia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent an unmet therapeutic need for many patients on whom pentoxifylline may be effective in terms of its dopaminergic, anti-inflammatory, and cerebral blood flow-increasing properties. This study aimed to evaluate pentoxifylline as a therapeutic agent for improving negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Methods: Chronic schizophrenia outpatients experiencing significant negative symptoms were randomly allocated to receive pentoxifylline 400 mg or matched placebo q12hr for eight weeks.

Metformin efficacy and safety as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Antidiabetic medications have shown efficacy in alleviating autism symptoms. However, there is a lack of clinical research on the impact of metformin on irritability associated with autism. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of metformin as an adjuvant therapy with risperidone for managing irritability in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Crocus sativus (saffron) adjunct to risperidone for negative symptoms of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Current treatments for schizophrenia encounter resistance, limited efficacy, and limiting complications, necessitating novel approaches. The effects of saffron on negative symptoms were investigated as it has shown neuroprotective and antipsychotic properties. Fifty-six clinically stable chronic schizophrenic outpatients were equally assigned to saffron 15 mg q12hr or placebo groups while continuing risperidone.

(saffron) and age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) leads to impaired vision and potential blindness. Globally, it accounts for approximately 9% of vision loss cases, and a projected 288 million individuals will be affected by 2040. Current treatments have limitations such as variable effectiveness, high costs, and potential side effects.