Natural Language Processing for the Identification of Incidental Lung Nodules in Computed Tomography Reports: A Quality Control Tool.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a natural language processing (NLP) model in detecting incidental lung nodules (ILNs) in unstructured chest computed tomography (CT) reports.

Methods: All unstructured consecutive reports of chest CT scans performed at a tertiary hospital between 2020 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed (n = 21,542) to train the NLP tool. Internal validation was performed using reference readings by two radiologists of both CT scans and reports, using a different external cohort of 300 chest CT scans.

[Analysis of incidents of violence in a large Italian hospital].

Introduction: An increase in the rate of non-fatal violence events, from 20.65/10,000 in 2012 to 22.81/10,000 in 2014, was observed at the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa.

Cost-effectiveness of an ambulance-based referral system for emergency obstetrical and neonatal care in rural Ethiopia.

Background: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of an ambulance-based referral system an dedicated to emergency obstetrics and neonatal care (EmONC) in remote sub-Saharan settings.

Methods: In this prospective study performed in Oromiya Region (Ethiopia), all obstetrical cases referred to the hospital with the ambulance were consecutively evaluated during a three-months period. The health professionals who managed the referred cases were requested to identify those that could be considered as undoubtedly effective.

Gender Inequalities in Remote Settings: Analysis of 105,025 Medical Records of a Rural Hospital in Ethiopia (2005-2015).

Gender inequalities in Sub-Saharan Africa are deemed relevant but data to support this view are scanty. Retrospective analysis of a large dataset of 105,025 patients admitted to an Ethiopian rural private, non-for-profit hospital over a 11 years period (2005-2015). Since 2001, the hospital and the local community are involved in a long-term, comprehensive and externally-supported health care intervention.

Ambulance referral for emergency obstetric care in remote settings.

Objective: To evaluate the functionality of an ambulance service dedicated to emergency obstetric care (EmOC) that referred pregnant women to health centers for delivery assistance or to a hospital for the management of obstetric complications.

Methods: A retrospective study investigated an ambulance referral system for EmOC in a rural area of Ethiopia between July 1 and December 31, 2013. The service was available 24h a day and was free of charge.