Role of microRNAs in immunoregulatory functions of epithelial cells.

Epithelial cells (ECs) provide the first line of defense against microbial threats and environmental challenges. They participate in the host's immune responses via the expression and secretion of various immune-related molecules such as cytokines and chemokines, as well as interaction with immune cells. A growing body of evidence suggests that the dysregulated function of ECs can be involved in the pathophysiology of a broad range of infectious, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), asthma, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of probiotics mixture and sulfasalazine against acetic acid-induced colitis in a murine model.

Background: Currently, the use of probiotics to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is widely accepted because of their gut microbiota modulation capabilities and anti-inflammatory potential.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the immunomodulatory outcomes of probiotics and sulfasalazine in the acetic acid-induced colitis murine model.

Methods: The animals were randomly assigned to one of the seven groups.

Evaluation of TNF-α and IFN-γ primed conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cell in acetic acid-induced mouse model of acute colitis.

IBD, an autoimmune-inflammatory disorder that affects people who are genetically prone to inflammation. There is a lot of interest in MSC-CM therapy, especially when primed with TNF-α + IFN-γ. Throughout the study, data were collected on the percentage of apoptotic cells, gene expression of ZO-1, Foxp3, GATA3, IDO-1, Muc2, T-bet, Notch1, TNFR2, and ROR-γt, colon weight and length, histopathological analysis, and DAI.

The Accuracy of the S100B Protein Biomarker in the Prognosis of Patients with Acute Spinal Cord Injury.

 The role of some biomarkers such as S100 beta (S100B) has been somewhat known in determining the severity of primary acute spinal cord injury (SCI), and today, it has been the basis of various relevant studies. Therefore, this study estimates the S100B level in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with spinal injuries.  This was a descriptive-analytic study.

Combination of IFN-gamma with STING agonist and PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade: a potential immunotherapy for gastric cancer.

Suppression of the cGAS-STING pathway is an immune escape mechanism in cancer cells. The critical role of this pathway in gastric cancer (GC) is not fully understood. Herein, we evaluated the effect of the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), STING agonist, PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade, and their combination on the cGAS-STING pathway in GC.