[Epidemiology and diagnosis of mutations in the ALK gene in patients with non-small cell lung cancer in the Moscow region].

Aim Of Study: To determine a diagnostic algorithm for detecting translocation of the gene and its frequency in the Moscow region.

Materials And Methods: During the priod between 2014 and 2018 (inclusive), 488 patients without activating mutations in the gene in the Moscow region were tested. To detect translocation of the ALK gene, fluorescence hybridization (FISH) methods, an immunohistochemical method, and, in some cases, a polymerase chain reaction were used.

[The first experience of PD-L1 testing of triple negative breast cancer with marker SP142 in Russia].

Aim Of Study: To evaluate the pecularities of PD-L1 expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the Russian population.

Materials And Methods: For 7 months, within a scientific study of the Russian Society of Clinical Oncology (RUSSCO), we determined the PD-L1 status of 58 patients with TNBC. In each case, an immunohistochemical study was performed in a closed Ventana Bench Mark Ultra automatic stainer using a closed protocol with rabbit monoclonal antibodies Ventana PD-L1 SP142 and Opti View DAB IHC Detection Kit with Opti View Amplification Kit.

Loss of Heterozygosity in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes in Patients with Ovarian Cancer and Probability of Its Use for Clinical Classification of Variations.

Changes (or variants) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene sequences can have different lengths and clinical significance: from single nucleotide variants (SNV) and short insertions/deletions (<50 bp) to extended deletions and duplications (so-called copy number variations, or CNV). According to their clinical significance, all variants can be divided into pathogenic, likely pathogenic, variants of uncertain significance, likely benign, and benign. Moreover, variants can be germinal (i.

[Genetic risk factors for sporadic germ cell testicular tumors].

Introduction: Approximately 95% of all testicular cancers are testicular germ cell tumors (GCTTs), represented by seminoma and nonseminoma germ cell testicular cancer. There is a hypothesis that the formation of GCTTs begins in early embryogenesis being a part of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS).

Aim: To determine the role of genetic factors in the development of GCTTs.

[ERCC1 as a Marker of Ovarian Cancer Resistance to Platinum Drugs].

The review is concerned with the crucial marker of nucleotide excision repair ERCC1 and its contribution to platinum resistance of ovarian cancer. All the variants of the laboratory and clinical ERCC1 assessment in the ovarian cancer tissue (single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ERCC1 gene, levels of mRNA or protein) are considered. Data on the prognostic and predictive value of ERCC1 as a marker of the response to platinum-based therapy in ovarian cancer are systematized.