Microglia in the aged brain develop a hypoactive molecular phenotype after surgery.

Background: Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). However, they can also contribute to neurodegeneration through their pro-inflammatory properties and phagocytic functions. Acute post-operative cognitive deficits have been associated with inflammation, and microglia have been implicated primarily based on morphological changes.

Biological interaction of bioactive polymeric membranes in induced bone defects in rabbit tibias.

The study aimed to evaluate bone repair using three osteoinductive polymers in bone defects created in rabbit tibias. Forty-eight adult rabbits were assessed at various time points: three, seven, fourteen, and thirty days. The groups included a control group (without biomaterial), M1 (Poly L Lactide co Polycaprolactone/Polyethylene Glycol), M2 (Poly L Lactide co Polycaprolactone/Polyethylene Glycol/β-Tricalcium Phosphate), and M3 (Poly L Lactide co Polycaprolactone/Polyethylene Glycol/nano hydroxyapatite).

Association of multiple sclerosis with psychiatric disorders and homelessness among veterans in the United States Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system.

Objective: To describe and compare the prevalence of psychosocial and psychiatric disorders among veterans with multiple sclerosis (MS) and a propensity-score-matched group of veterans without MS, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with comorbid psychosocial and psychiatric problems among veterans with MS.

Methods: Data were linked and extracted from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Homeless Operations Management and Evaluation System and the Corporate Data Warehouse. The total sample comprised 27,342 veterans in the VA healthcare system between January 1, 2022, and June 30, 2023, who met eligibility criteria for an MS diagnosis (n=13,671) and 1:1 propensity-score-matched sample of veterans who did not have MS (n=13,671).

Effect of various perioperative semaglutide interruption intervals on residual gastric content assessed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A retrospective single center observational study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that perioperative semaglutide use is associated with increased residual gastric content (RGC) and risk of bronchoaspiration under anesthesia. We compared the occurrence of increased RGC in semaglutide users and non-users undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy to define the time interval at which RGC becomes comparable between groups.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective electronic chart review at a tertiary hospital.