Morphological aspects of small intestinal mucosal injury and repair after electron irradiation.

Morphological evaluation of the small intestine mucosa and apoptosis activity (caspase-3) is necessary to assess the severity of damage to the small intestine. At the same time, proliferative index based on Ki-67 can be used to assess the regenerative potential of the small intestine. Fragments of small intestine of Wistar rats (n=60) of three groups: I) control (n=20); II) experimental group (n=20; local single electron irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy), III) experimental group (n=20; local single electron irradiation at a dose of 8 Gy) were studied by light microscopy using hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical reactions with antibodies to Ki-67 and caspase-3.

Comparative Characterisation of Proliferation and Apoptosis of Colonic Epithelium after Electron Irradiation with 2 GY and 25 GY.

Development of new techniques for multimodal treatment and diagnostics of various neoplasms and the improvement of current techniques can significantly increase the life expectancy of patients with carcinomas of the colon and abdominal-cavity organs, since prevention of various side effects of radiation therapy is one of the main problems of oncological care. Electron irradiation is one of the most promising types of radiation therapy. There are no data on proliferation and apoptosis of the colon epithelium after irradiation with electrons, especially in different modes (single and summary).

[Ophthalmic oncology: achievements over the last two decades].

The article describes current trends in scientific research, especially those that concern treatment of the most common cancers. The latter include malignant eyelid and conjunctiva tumors, retinoblastoma and choroidal melanoma. Relevant publications in Russian and foreign journals demonstrate a progressive advance in treatment approaches: from radical methods associated with surrounding tissue damage to local tumor destruction.

[Evoked retinal and cortical potentials in children with advanced and resistant retinoblastoma after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy and superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy].

Electrophysiological examinations (in accordance with the ISCEV Standards and original protocols) were performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or before and after superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy (SIACT) in 18 children aged 1-3 years with either newly diagnosed advanced retinoblastoma (8 eyes) or resistant retinoblastoma (14 eyes). The most considerable decrease in amplitude was demonstrated by the cone response b-wave, photopic 24 Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG), photopic negative response, and the P1-component of multifocal ERG, indicating a significant dysfunction of bipolar and ganglion cells, more pronounced in the macular zone. After the SIACT, central retinal functions improved.

[Association of the ABCB1 gene with risk for uveal melanoma].

The study investigated the association of the ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism gene with the risk for uveal melanoma (UM). Genotyping was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. All the tumors under study were histologically verified.