Publications by authors named "S A Riddler"
Introduction: Vesatolimod is a Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) agonist in clinical development as part of a combination regimen for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure. Influenza-like symptoms associated with TLR7-mediated immune activation have been reported in clinical trials of vesatolimod. Therefore, a broader understanding of the safety profile of vesatolimod and association with dose and mechanism of action will help inform future clinical studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwelve weeks of dipyridamole increased extracellular adenosine levels and decreased T cell activation in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this analysis, we investigated the effect of dipyridamole on HIV-specific T cell responses. We compared changes in Gag- and Env-specific T cell responses using intracellular cytokine staining, following 12 wk of dipyridamole treatment vs placebo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimultaneous quantification of five antiretrovirals in human tissues using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods for therapeutic drug monitoring at the sites of action.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
July 2024
Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective for the treatment of HIV-1 infection to suppress virus in the blood, HIV persists in tissues. HIV persistence in the tissues is due to numerous factors, and one of those factors are antiretroviral (ARV) concentrations. ARV concentrations in tissues must be adequate to suppress HIV at the sites of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: On-demand topical products could be an important tool for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention. We evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and ex vivo pharmacodynamics of a tenofovir alafenamide/elvitegravir (TAF/EVG, 20 mg/16 mg) insert administered rectally.
Methods: MTN-039 was a phase 1, open-label, single-arm, 2-dose study.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examined the effects of starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute or early HIV infection on the viral reservoir and immune responses in participants from various regions.
- - Results showed that starting ART earlier resulted in lower levels of HIV DNA in the blood, particularly for those who began treatment in the very early stages of infection, but it did not fully eliminate the presence of HIV-infected cells.
- - Despite achieving viral suppression at 48 weeks, the study found no strong correlation between HIV DNA levels and the strength of HIV-specific T cell immune responses, suggesting that early treatment may reduce, but not completely prevent, viral rebound after stopping ART.