Over-expression of a cacao class I chitinase gene in Theobroma cacao L. enhances resistance against the pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Theobroma cacao L. plants over-expressing a cacao class I chitinase gene (TcChi1) under the control of a modified CaMV-35S promoter were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of somatic embryo cotyledons. Southern blot analysis confirmed insertion of the transgene in eight independent lines.

Stable transformation of Theobroma cacao L. and influence of matrix attachment regions on GFP expression.

We describe a protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Theobroma cacao L. using cotyledonary explants from primary somatic embryos (SEs) and A. tumefaciens strain AGL1.

Lymphocyte subpopulations in lymphoid organs of rats after acute resistance exercise.

Purpose: The ability of aerobic exercise to change lymphocyte subpopulation distributions is well documented; much less is known about resistance exercise. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of an acute bout of resistance exercise on lymphocyte subpopulations in primary and secondary lymphoid compartments.

Methods: Male rats were operantly conditioned to climb a ladder while carrying weights that were progressively increased to equal body weight.

The effect of a 10-day space flight on the function, phenotype, and adhesion molecule expression of splenocytes and lymph node lymphocytes.

Previous studies have indicated that space flight affects the activation of lymphocytes from humans, monkeys, and rodents. In rats, where lymphocytes from blood, spleen, and lymph nodes have been tested, the accumulated data suggest that the effects of flight on various cells are lymphoid organ-specific. Thus, cells may be affected by variations in trafficking brought about by fluid shifts in microgravity (< 10(-3) g).

Negative regulation of interleukin-2 production in primary lymphocytes by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.

Stimulation of quiescent T lymphocytes to proliferate involves a complex series of events both between and within cells. At least 70 genes are known to be induced or activated from the time of the initial stimulation until DNA synthesis. While some of these gene products, e.