Massive entry of BK Polyomavirus induces transient cytoplasmic vacuolization of human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells.

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a ubiquitous human virus that establishes a persistent infection in renal tubular epithelial cells and mainly causes disease in kidney transplant recipients. The closely related simian polyomavirus SV40 is known to cause cytoplasmic vacuolization in simian kidney cells, possibly increasing progeny release and cell death. This study aimed to determine whether BKPyV causes cytoplasmic vacuolization in primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) and to investigate its potential role in the replication cycle.

Transient biopsy-proven progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (PML-IRIS) in an elderly woman without known immunodeficiency: a case report.

Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe opportunistic brain disease caused by lytic JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) replication in oligodendrocytes. Although JCPyV infection is common in the general population, PML almost exclusively occurs in patients immunocompromised due to untreated HIV/AIDS, haematological malignancies, primary immunodeficiencies, solid organ transplantation, or immunomodulatory treatment of autoimmune diseases. There is no effective antiviral treatment, and recovery depends on immune reconstitution.

Patients' attitudes toward negative appendectomies and surgery for suspected appendicitis: a qualitative interview study.

Introduction: From a surgeon's perspective, appendicitis is treated with appendectomy and sometimes a normal appendix is removed. This study aimed to investigate the patients' perspectives on having surgery but not appendicitis and their involvement in treatment decisions.

Methods: This study is reported according to the COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guideline.

Met and unmet prison-based treatment needs for people who are incarcerated with a history of substance use disorder: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) are highly prevalent among incarcerated people. However, in some prisons, only a small percentage of those who need treatment receive it. The aims of this study were to examine coverage of treatment for SUD in Danish prisons and assess whether treatment differed by substance class.

Prediction of pancreatic cancer risk in patients with new-onset diabetes using a machine learning approach based on routine biochemical parameters.

Objective: To develop a machine-learning model that can predict the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in people with new-onset diabetes (NOD).

Methods: From a population-based sample of individuals with NOD aged >50 years, patients with pancreatic cancer-related diabetes (PCRD), defined as NOD followed by a PDAC diagnosis within 3 years, were included (n = 716). These PCRD patients were randomly matched in a 1:1 ratio with individuals having NOD.