Novel self-stratifying bioelectrochemical system for municipal wastewater treatment halves nitrous oxide emissions.

Reducing carbon footprint and greenhouse gas emissions are prime global goals. Wastewater treatment contributes significantly, and this study developed a technology with a focus on utilisation in small-decentralised plants. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) utilise bacteria to remove pollutants while generating power and a range of experiments were performed to investigate their suitability compared to conventional trickling filters.

The gut microbiome of wild American marten in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.

Carnivores are ecologically important and sensitive to habitat loss and anthropogenic disruption. Here we measured trophic level and gut bacterial composition as proxies of carnivore ecological status across the Upper Peninsula, Michigan, for wild American marten (Martes americana; hereafter marten). In contrast to studies that have focused on omnivorous and herbivorous species, we find that marten, like other carnivore species without a cecum, are dominated by Firmicutes (52.

β-Arrestin-biased proteinase-activated receptor-2 antagonist C781 limits allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.

Background And Purpose: Asthma is a heterogenous disease strongly associated with inflammation that has many different causes and triggers. Current asthma treatments target symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation. Despite recent advances in biological therapies, there remains a need for new classes of therapeutic agents with novel, upstream targets.

Outcome-Locked Cholinergic Signaling Suppresses Prefrontal Encoding of Stimulus Associations.

Acetylcholine (ACh) is thought to control arousal, attention, and learning by slowly modulating cortical excitability and plasticity. Recent studies, however, discovered that cholinergic neurons emit precisely timed signals about the aversive outcome at millisecond precision. To investigate the functional relevance of such phasic cholinergic signaling, we manipulated and monitored cholinergic terminals in the mPFC while male mice associated a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) with mildly aversive eyelid shock (US) over a short temporal gap.