Metal-free [2+2]-photocycloaddition of unactivated alkenes enabled by continuous flow processing.

We report a continuous flow approach generating bicyclic cyclobutanes from unactivated alkenes in a metal-free manner that is inspired by the Kochi-Salomon reaction. A filtered Hg-lamp in combination with a simple flow set-up and acetone as UV light-absorbing co-solvent are crucial for this method thus showcasing attractive features for further exploitations.

Comparison of stratification techniques for optimal management of patients with chronic low back pain in spine clinics.

Background Context: Identifying optimal stratification techniques for subgrouping patients with low back pain (LBP) into treatment groups for the purpose of identifying optimal management and improving clinical outcomes is an important area for further research.

Purpose: Our study aimed to compare performance of the STarT Back Tool (SBT) and 3 stratification techniques involving PROMIS domain scores for use in patients presenting to a spine clinic for chronic LBP.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Stratification of spine patients based on self-reported clinical symptom classes: Evaluation of long-term outcomes and subsequent interventions.

Background: Prior work by our group developed a stratification tool based on four PROMIS domains for patients with low back pain (LBP). Our study aimed to evaluate the ability of our previously developed symptom classes to predict long-term outcomes, and determine whether there were differential treatment effects by intervention.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with LBP seen in spine clinics in a large health system between November 14, 2018 and May 14, 2019 who completed patient-reported outcomes as part of routine care at baseline and again at 12-months follow-up.

Axial spondyloarthritis patients have altered mucosal IgA response to oral and fecal microbiota.

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory arthritis involving the spine and the sacroiliac joint with extra-articular manifestations in the eye, gut, and skin. The intestinal microbiota has been implicated as a central environmental component in the pathogenesis of various types of spondyloarthritis including axSpA. Additionally, alterations in the oral microbiota have been shown in various rheumatological conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA).